ABSTRACT
Despite the huge worldwide diversity of Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae, Ascomycota), only about 22 species have been reported in Korea. Thus, between 2013 and 2015, soil-derived Trichoderma spp. were isolated to reveal the diversity of Korean Trichoderma. Phylogenetic analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene was used for identification. Among the soil-derived Trichoderma, Trichoderma albolutescens, T. asperelloides, T. orientale, T. spirale, and T. tomentosum have not been previously reported in Korea. Thus, we report the five Trichoderma species as new in Korea with morphological descriptions and images.
Subject(s)
Classification , Korea , Peptide Elongation Factor 1 , Phylogeny , TrichodermaABSTRACT
Electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) is a method used to breakup the stone by electric discharge in the presence of liquid medium. Recently we experienced a case of successful common bile duct stone removal after EHL during choledochoscopy via T-tube tract, which was the first case of EHL in biliary tract stone in Korea. A 65-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital because of generalized pruritus after cholcystectomy with T-tube insertion. Obtained cholangiogram showed retained CBD stone which was implssible to remove by Dormian basket and tto dissolute by monooctanoin. After only one session of EHL, we can disintergrat CBD stone into several small pieces and removal of stone was easily done by Basket. After Small cut endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) remained distal impacted stone was freely passed and control choledochoscopy and cholangiogram showed no remained stone. We think that EHL may be play a potential role in removal of biliary tract stones as in urinary tract stones.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Biliary Tract , Common Bile Duct , Korea , Lithotripsy , Pruritus , Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic , Urinary CalculiABSTRACT
Endoscopic sphincterotomy (E.S.T.) has relatively low complications and is the theraphy of choice in patients with common bile duct stones. It is also an useful technique for decompression of biliary tract obstruction. Thirty two cases of patients were selected according to opedrative risks: old age, severe jaundice and recurrent or retained bile duct stones after cholecystecomy from 1986 to 1988. The results were as follows, 1) In thirty two cases nf E.S.T., male to female ratio was 1:1.46. Most frequent age was older than 40 years. (male, 84.6%, female, 84.2%). 2) Out of thirty two cases, 20 cases (62.5% were under post clholecystectomy state, 12 eases (37.5%) were obstructive jaundice. 3) Spontaneous stone passage after E.S.T. was 81.3% (26 cases), and total stone remoral rate was 87.5% (28 cases), 4) Complications of E.S.T. were noted in three cases. In the two cases of bleeding, it was spontaneously improved and a case of acute pancreatitis was treated by medical care.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Bile Ducts , Biliary Tract , Common Bile Duct , Decompression , Hemorrhage , Jaundice , Jaundice, Obstructive , Pancreatitis , Sphincterotomy, EndoscopicABSTRACT
In order to assess the effects of diazepam and meperidine as premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, eighty eight patients undergone an elective upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were studied. Studied patients were divided into two groups; one group was premedicated with buscopan and stropine(group I), and the other group was premedicated with diazepam and meperidien (group II). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) 83.0% of the group II (44/53) did not eomplain any discomfort by the procedure, but only 23.9% (8/35) of the group I showed no discopmort. The difference between two groups is statiatieally significant (p<0.005). 2) In 41 patients with previous experience of endoscopy, 22 patients from 27 of the graup Il(81.5%) did not feel any discomfort but it wes only 3 patients among 14 of the group I (21.4%) who did not feel discomfart (p<0,005). 3) In 47 patients without previous experience of endoscopy, 23 patients from 26 of the group II (88. 5%) did not show discomfort but it way only 5 patients among 21 of the group I (23.7%) (p<0.005). 4) In the patients with previous experience of endoscopy, 21 patients among 27 of the group II (77. 8%) felt better than that of the previous experience but it was only 3 patients among 14 of the group I (21.4%) (p<0.005). From the above results, we would emphasize that it is more effective to use diazepam and, meperidien as premendication for the gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure since it removes pstients apprehension rendering them a good cooperation with very minimal side effects,